Good shadows are created by proper light placement, resulting in contrast… one side of the subject is brighter than the other. Bad shadows are created when a light casts a harsh shadow of the subject onto the background, which draws the audience’s attention to the presence of the light. So, in order to create depth, you have to use shadows, and shadows are created by lighting. Unfortunately, a camera doesn’t have depth perception because it only has “one eye…” the lens. The angle between the stars to our left eye and the stars to our right eye is so narrow, that we can’t tell how far away they are from us, or from each other. It is for the same reason that it is difficult to tell how far away stars are relative to each other. For example, if you hold your finger at arms length and move it 12 inches toward your face, your brain will detect that change in distance much more than if a friend, standing 100 feet away, moves his finger 12 inches closer to you. Incidentally, the closer an object is to our eyes, the more depth sensitive we are and the farther away it is, the more difficult it is to determine depth. This process, called triangulation, helps us determine the distance between objects or the distance from an object to our face. When our brain puts these two images together, we are able to see depth. Our eyes work together, each one seeing an object from a slightly different angle. In real life, we humans are able to determine depth and distance because we have two eyes. Remember that good lighting involves making shadows, provided those shadows are in the right place. While this rather direct approach works some of the time, it often makes harsh shadows and creates a very unnatural look, especially when that light is the key light. It would make sense that lighting a subject would involve aiming a light at the subject and turning the light on.
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